The Kilauea Volcano, one of the most active and iconic volcanoes in the world, has entered a new eruptive phase in 2025. Located on the Big Island of Hawaii, Kilauea’s activity at the Halemaʻumaʻu Crater is captivating yet dangerous, drawing attention from scientists, residents, and visitors alike. This guide explores the dangers of Kilauea and provides essential safety tips and resources.

Understanding the Dangers of Kilauea

Key Hazards:

• Lava Flows: While typically slow-moving, these can destroy infrastructure and isolate communities.

• Volcanic Gases (Vog): Emissions of sulfur dioxide (SO2) can irritate eyes, lungs, and skin, posing serious health risks.

• Ashfall: Ash from eruptions can damage crops, water supplies, and air quality.

• Ground Instability: Earthquakes often accompany eruptions, leading to cracks and landslides.

For the latest hazard updates, visit the USGS Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO).

Current Activity at Kilauea

As of January 2025, Kilauea is actively erupting at the Halemaʻumaʻu Crater. Lava fountains and crater filling have been observed, with volcanic gases affecting air quality across the region. Scientists monitor the eruption closely to predict changes and mitigate risks.

Safety Tips for Visitors and Residents

Visitors:

1. Stay Informed: Check updates via the National Park Service.

2. Avoid Restricted Zones: Follow park guidelines to stay safe.

3. Prepare for Vog: Bring masks and avoid prolonged exposure to volcanic gases.

4. Respect Nature: Keep a safe distance from lava flows and unstable areas.

Residents:

• Monitor Air Quality: Use Hawaii Air Quality resources to track vog levels.

• Prepare Emergency Kits: Include essentials like masks, food, water, and flashlights.

• Follow Evacuation Orders: Leave immediately if instructed by authorities.

• Protect Your Home: Seal windows and remove flammable materials from your property.

Comparing Past and Present Eruptions

The 2018 eruption of Kilauea was one of the most destructive in recent history, destroying over 700 homes and displacing thousands. While the 2025 eruption has been less destructive so far, it remains unpredictable. Staying vigilant and informed is crucial.

Resources for Assistance

• USGS HVO Updates: Real-time information

• Hawai‘i Emergency Management Agency: Disaster Assistance

• National Park Alerts: Visitor Information

• Air Quality Monitoring: Vog Resources

Conclusion

The Kilauea eruption in 2025 is both a mesmerizing natural event and a significant safety concern. Whether you’re visiting Hawaii to witness this geological wonder or living near the volcano, understanding the risks and taking precautions are essential.

Stay updated with the latest information from trusted sources like the USGS Hawaiian Volcano Observatory to ensure a safe and informed experience.